African-American History Timeline 1900 to 1909

In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal was constitutional through the Plessy v. Ferguson case. Immediately local and state laws were created and in some cases, enhanced to prohibit African-Americans from participating fully in American society. However, almost immediately, African-Americans began working to prove their worth in American society. The timeline below highlights some of the contributions as well as some tribulations faced by African-Americans between 1900 and 1909. 1900 James Weldon Johnson and John Rosamond Johnson write the lyrics and composition for Lift Every Voice and Sing in Jacksonville, Fl. Within two years, the song is considered the African-American national anthem.The New Orleans Race Riot begins on July 23. Lasting four days, 12 African-Americans and seven whites were killed.The National Negro Business League is established by Booker T. Washington. The purpose of the organization is to promote African-American entrepreneurship.Nannie Helen Burroughs establishes the Womens Convention of the National Baptist Convention.An estimated two-thirds of landowners in the Mississippi Delta are African-American farmers. Many had purchased land following the Civil War.Since the end of the Civil War, an estimated 30,000 African-American men and women have been trained as teachers. The work of these educators assists the African-American population throughout the United States learn to read and write. 1901 George H. White, the last African-American elected to Congress, leaves office.Bert Williams and George Walker become the first African-American recording artists. They recorded with Victor Talking Machine Company.Booker T. Washington becomes the first African-American to eat the White House. President Theodore Roosevelt invited Washington to the White House for a meeting. At the end of the meeting, Roosevelt invited Washington to stay for dinner.Washington publishes his autobiography, Up From Slavery. 1903 W.E.B. Du Bois publishes The Souls of Black Folks. The collection of essays explored issues concerning racial equality and denounced Washingtons beliefs.Maggie Lena Walker establishes the St. Lukes Penny Savings Bank in Richmond, Va. 1904 Mary McLeod Bethune establishes Bethune-Cookman College in Daytona Beach, Fl.Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller becomes the nations first African-American psychiatrist. Fuller trained at the Royal Psychiatric Hospital at the University of Munich. 1905 The African-American newspaper, The Chicago Defender is published by Robert Abbott.Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter found the Niagara Movement. The first meeting is held on July 11-13. The organization later morphs into the (NAACP) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.African-American residents of Nashville boycott streetcars to show their disdain for racial segregation. 1906 African-American evangelist William J. Seymour leads the Azusa Street Revival in Los Angeles. This revival is considered the foundation of the Pentecostal Movement.A riot, known as the Brownsville Affray, breaks out between African-American soldiers and local citizens in Brownsville, Texas. A local resident is killed. In the coming months, President Theodore Roosevelt discharges three companies of African-American soldiers.The Atlanta Race Riot breaks out on September 22 and lasts for two days. Ten African-Americans and two whites are killed as a result.Seven African-American male students attending Cornell University establish Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. This will become the first collegial fraternity for African-American men. 1907 Alain Locke becomes the first African-American Rhodes Scholar. Locke will go on to be an architect of the Harlem Renaissance, also known as the New Negro Movement.Edwin Harleston, a security guard, and budding journalist, establishes The Pittsburgh Courier.Madam C.J. Walker, a washerwoman working and living in Denver, develops hair care products. 1908 The first African-American sorority, Alpha Kappa Alpha, is established at Howard University.The Springfield Race Riot begins on August 14 in Springfield, Ill. This race riot is considered the first of its kind in a Northern city in more than 50 years. 1909 In response to the Springfield Riot and a number of other incidents, the NAACP is founded on February 12.African-American Matthew Henson, Admiral Robert E. Peary, and four Eskimos become the first men to reach the North Pole.The New York Amsterdam News is published for the first time.The first national African-American Catholic fraternal order, The Knights of Peter Claver, is established in Alabama.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs - 1967 Words

1Motivations 1.1Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is used to analyze motivation of consumers, which are composed of 5 five stages. From the lowest level to the highest one respectively are physiological, safety, belongingness, ego needs, and self-actualization. (Solomon and Barmossy et al., 2006) It is said that two thirds of visitors of Bicester Village are Chinese. Increased Chinese consumers like to choose Bicester Village as a destination to travel and purchase.(†¦Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€š..) No doubt that Chinese shopper have became a strong purchase power in Bicester Village, they have been satisfied with biogenic needs, moreover, an underlay unconscious motivation drive them to do something distant from the others. That†¦show more content†¦From consumers’ perspective, these basic infrastructure and essential service of Bicester Village generate a wonderful environment for consumers. Therefore visitors have a pleasant shopping and visiting experience in Bicester Village. In sum, although maintenance factors could not arouse their motivation growth ï ¼Å'but still have a significant influence on consumer behavior. 1.2 Dimensions of motives Bythe(2013)divided six motives of consumer into six sorts, which respectively are primary motives, rational motives, conscious motives ,dormant motives, emotional motives and secondary motives. â€Å"Motives can be classified across three dimensions, with the rational/conscious/primary ends relating to each other, as do the dormant/emotional/secondary ends.† From consumer’s perspective, the motivation of their purchasing high-end products is complicated. According to the report of Mintel (Academic.mintel.com, 2013), which showed that the reason why a large number of customs have purchased luxury merchandise in UK. There were 44 percent of female interviewees and 48 percent of male interviewees bought high-end goods due to the good quality. In addition, 31 percent of men and 18 percent of women consider the sophisticated techniqueShow MoreRelatedMaslows Hierarchy of Needs866 Words   |  4 PagesINFORMATION SYSTEMS CLASS EXERCISE DUE DATE: 17/2/2015 STUDENT ID: 140079 ------------------------------------------------- NAME: COSMAS KANCHEPA QUESTIONS 1. Define and Explain Scheins classification of Motivational Assumptions. 2. What are Maslows hierarchy of needs and why is it important in the study of motivation. 3. What are the characteristics of Theory X and Theory Y people? ANSWERS Question1 I. The rational-economic model is the mental picture held by managers who consider workers to be primarilyRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Needs1081 Words   |  5 Pagesrewards or unconscious desires (McLeod, Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs). Abraham Maslow, one of the leading psychologists in humanistic psychology, conceived the idea of the hierarchy of needs that revealed what motivates people to do the things that they do. Similarly, Carl Rodgers later added that for a person to grow, they need an environment that provides them with genuineness, acceptance, and empathy (McLeod, Carl Rogers). In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs one cannot get to the top without first startingRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Need Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesMaslows Hierarchy of Need INTRODUCTION Many managers are puzzled by the question why some workers doing easy job remain dissatisfied, while others engaged in performance of complicated tasks are completely satisfied? What should be done for the people to work better? What stimulates their desire to work? Only knowing what are the main factors stimulating a man to act, what kind of motives lay as a basis of a man’s activities, one can try to develop an efficient system for work motivationRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesmotivations that was based upon a hierarchy of needs. Basic physiological drives like thirst, hunger and sleep, as well as the need for safety, shelter and some feeling of security are the motivational needs that must first be met. They provide the foundation for higher level of motivations to become present and available as needs the indvidual is aroused to attain. Each higher order of motivational need is built upon a more basic need. After physiological and safety needs are met then the individualRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Hierarchy of needs theory is a formation of the needs of an individual person. Basically this hierarchy are based on five level which is classified into Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love/Belonging needs, Esteem needs and Self-actualization needs. It can be illustrated with a diagram 1.0 The Diagram of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. This is diagram are has been developed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper of A Theory of Human Motivation which he subsequently extended to include his observationRead MoreImportance of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs1069 Words   |  5 Pagesexplored all these themes in group projects. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs can be a valuable aid when dealing with the process of education. Achieving each of the levels of Maslow’s needs- physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization- at different times in the educational process makes it difficult to instruct a group of students, each in their own place along Maslow’s pyramid. According to his theory, needs that are in the lower hierarchy must be at least partially met before a personRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory1595 Words   |  7 PagesContents INTRODUCTION 2 MOTIVATION 3 MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS THEORY 4 INFORMATION OF THE COMPANY 5 APPLE COMPUTERS,INC 5 INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY’S MANAGER 6 STEVE JOBS 6 STEVE JOBS LEADERSHIP STYLES AND MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES 7 CONCLUSION 9 REFERENCES 10 â€Æ' INTRODUCTION In this section ,we will discuss about the topics motivation, motivation theory.Motivation is defined as the interaction between person and the situation.For attaining goalRead MoreThe Pyramid of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs1113 Words   |  5 Pageslevels of needs, back in 1943. These 5 levels form a pyramid that is referred to as Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. An Individual starts at the bottom of the pyramid, at physical needs, and then promotes him or herself up. Physical needs are the most basic yet vital needs for survival. These include things such as, food, water, shelter, etc. If a person is successful in accomplishing those needs, they can move up onto the next level of needs, known as safety needs. Examples of safety needs include healthRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Needs Theory1805 Words   |  8 PagesMaslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory in Organizational Diversity Psychologist Abraham Maslow established a theory of motivation to justify how people in diverse organizations behave. His human requirements theory states that humans are never completely satisfied; that they crave satisfaction and those requirements can be classified into a hierarchy based upon importance. The lowest level of importance includes peoples’ desire to satisfy their physical needs, such as hunger and thirst. Following theRead MoreThe Need to Belong: Rediscovering Maslows Hierarchy of Needs.6034 Words   |  25 PagesThe Need to Belong: Rediscovering Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. by: Norman Kunc Axis Consultation and Training Ltd Originally published in: Villa, R., Thousand, J., Stainback, W. Stainback, S. Restructuring for Caring Effective Education. Baltimore: Paul Brookes, 1992.  © Copyright 1992 Paul H. Brookes Publishers. Newtonian principles of physics were regarded as true until Einstein demonstrated that they provided an inadequate explanation of the laws of nature. Similarly, Freudian analysts viewed

Contemporary Business Approaches-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about these factors and how they influence the contemporary business approaches. Answer: Introduction The current business scenario is majorly get determined by the concept of globalization and technological development. This is due to the reason that technology is the inevitable part for the contemporary management and along with the initiation of the globalization, it is important for the management to consider more diverse factors in managing the organizations (Hickson Pugh, 2014). However, it is also important to identify the major impact of globalization and technological development on the contemporary management and the impact of these factors on the managerial approach. This essay will discuss about these factors and how they influence the contemporary business approaches. Impact of globalization on management One of the major impacts of globalization on the management is determination of more diverse external factors. This is due to the reason that initiation of the globalization caused emergence of more competition in the market. Thus, in the contemporary business organizations, it is important for the management to effectively determine the changing trend of competition. Globalization is forcing the contemporary management to determine the competition from the perspective of the global scenario rather than the local scenario around the organization (Greer Hauptmeier, 2016). Another impact of globalization in the contemporary management is the requirement to manage diverse workforce. Contemporary business organizations are having diverse workforce in place and this caused due to the concept of globalization. Thus, management has to consider different factors of different cultural and social groups in managing the employees. Globalization is also helping the management to have business a nd market opportunities. In the current scenario, management is having more opportunities to enhance their business (Wu Chen, 2014). They are having the opportunity to enter in any foreign countries and enhance their operation. This option was not available in the earlier time before the initiation of the concept of globalization. Impact of technological progress on management Rapid development and progress in technology are also changing the approach of the management. This is due to the fact that in the current time, employees are being managed through online medium. They are connected through different mediums with the upper level management through online portals (Hollen, Van Den Bosch Volberda, 2013). Thus, technological development helped in having effective communication in the organizational management. Another major impact of technological development on management is easier way to stay connected with the outer world. In the current business scenario, managers are having different technological options including telecommunication technology to stay connected with the outer world (Hajir et al., 2015). Moreover it also helps the upper level management to determine the business forecasting and trend more effectively with the help of the latest and modern technologies. In the current time, they can able to determine the potentiality of the business b y having the knowledge about the industry trend. Management is also being able to change in the market trend and employee management trend through the help of technological development. Thus, it is becoming easy for the management in the contemporary business organizations to initiate strategies effectively and in accordance to the factors identified Impact of globalization on the managerial roles Prior to the initiation of the concept of globalization, manager initiates managerial roles including planning, organizing, leading and control on the basis of local and national environment. However, with the initiation of the concept of the globalization, managers have to initiate the managerial roles by considering global contexts. They have to consider more diverse factors in initiating managerial roles. Another major impact of globalization on the managerial approach is the initiation of newer theories and leadership (Osland, 2013). This is due to the reason that in the earlier time, managers were only having employees from the particular social group or country. However, with the initiation of the globalization, managers are having employees from different countries, regions and social groups. All the employees from different backgrounds are working under one roof and in same organizations. Thus, the managers are facing the issue of considering different requirements and expect ations of the diverse employees in initiating their managerial roles. Impact of change in technology on the managerial roles One of the major impacts on the managerial roles from the change and development in technology is the enhancement of connectivity between the organizational stakeholders. In the current time, managers are more connective with the employees through different technological mediums. Thus, it is easier for the managers to determine the issues and challenges of the employees effectively and in accordance to that, managers can initiate their leading and other managerial roles (Jansen, Brinkkemper Finkelstein, 2013). Thus, with change and development in technology, managers are more equipped to deal with the employees issues and they are more equipped enough to manage the employee grievances at the primary stage. However, there is one major negative impact also faced by the managers from the changing technology. This challenge is to cope up with the frequent change in technology. In the current time, technology is more frequently changing and it is becoming difficult for the managers to get accustomed. This is due to the reason that it takes time for both the managers and the employees to get comfortable and accustomed with a particular technology. Thus, more frequent change in the technology will provide less time for both the managers and the employees to get comfortable with the particular technology (Kim Feamster, 2013). It is causing issues for the managers in maintaining a universal approach of leading, planning, organizing and controlling. For instance, in the contemporary business scenario, managerial roles tend to change more frequently than ever due to the frequent change in the technology. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that both globalization and changing technology are having positive and negative implications on the management and the managerial roles. However, it is also concluded that both these factors are inevitable in nature and they cannot be avoided in the current business scenario. In this essay, the change in the approach of the managerial roles due to the change in globalization and changing technology is also discussed and both positive and negative implications are being identified. References Greer, I., Hauptmeier, M. (2016). Management whipsawing: The staging of labor competition under globalization.ILR Review,69(1), 29-52. Hajir, J., Obeidat, B. Y., Al-dalahmeh, M. A., Masadeh, R. (2015). The role of knowledge management infrastructure in enhancing innovation at mobile telecommunication companies in Jordan.European Journal of Social Sciences,50(3), 313-330. Hickson, D. J., Pugh, D. S. (2014).Management Worldwide: Distinctive Styles Among Globalization. Penguin UK. Hollen, R., Van Den Bosch, F. A., Volberda, H. W. (2013). The role of management innovation in enabling technological process innovation: An inter?organizational perspective.European Management Review,10(1), 35-50. Jansen, S., Brinkkemper, S., Finkelstein, A. (2013). Business network management as a survival.Software ecosystems: analyzing and managing business networks in the software industry,29. Kim, H., Feamster, N. (2013). Improving network management with software defined networking.IEEE Communications Magazine,51(2), 114-119. Osland, J. S. (2013). The multidisciplinary roots of global leadership.Global leadership: Research, practice, and development, 21-39. Wu, J., Chen, X. (2014). Home country institutional environments and foreign expansion of emerging market firms.International Business Review,23(5), 862-872.