The Nature of Science Essay Example for Free

The Nature of Science Essay Science plays an important role in development of mankind, its cultural and technological progress. Science helps humanity to understand natural phenomena and biological changes, evolutionary processes and shifts. Science can be defined as a particular way of knowledge and perception of the world and human beings based on historical information, hypotheses and experiments. Biology and Earth Sciences allows researchers to understand the evolution of species, explain natural phenomena and predict possible changes in the Universe. In fact, the revolutionary changes are invariably prompted by contradictions which occur when the previous concepts are applied to particular phenomena, and it is in the attempts to remove these contradictions that the changes are made. Science can be seen as the criterion of truth. Science is logic of discovery as well as of confirmation. Seeking to reconstruct what happened in the past, Biology and Earth Sciences must and do take as data only presently available written reports, and the presently surviving physical remnants of antiquity; and part of the interest of the research lies in its relevance to present and future situations somehow related to those of the past (Gierer 2000). Science is not a self-contained or self-sustaining activity. The most important it is conducted only in a community that has reached a certain level of intellectual development, which involves and implies social organization, culture, art, and religion, as well as philosophy. Biology and Earth Sciences are closely connected with and depend upon historical progress and cultural development of society which determine that main trends and direction in experiments and research. For instance, during the Middle Ages, Biology and Earth Sciences were influenced by inquisition and dominance of theological doctrines while at the end of 17th-18th century these sciences flourished because of new economic conditions and separation of church and the state. These examples show that Biology and Earth Sciences are part of a culture and cannot exist apart from it. For a long time, people supposed that Earth was flat and the stars related directly to the earth. When humans mastered the cosmos (1961), it has opened a new era in scientific discoveries and the evolution of knowledge. A link between culture, society and biology is evident in current analysis of social settings and impact of biological perquisites on humans: â€Å"One way of asserting the relevance of â€Å"biology for understanding human social behavior is to propose that our understanding of human activities can be greatly enhanced by specific consideration of humans as evolved species shaped by processes of natural selection† (Freese et al 233). In Earth Sciences, scientists can achieve control in the laboratory where results are reproducible. In both Biology and Earth Sciences, the course of science may solve the puzzles researchers have encountered in the application of their theories, anomalies and contradictions arise. For instance, â€Å"serious scientific debates about the neo-Darwinist synthesis as the overarching explanation of the origins of our species are, in the larger scheme of things, disagreements over details† (Freese et al 234). Today, Earth scientists argue about the impact of global warming on population and climate change. These research fields are determined by cultural conditions and historical importance for the mankind. In many cases, changes in philosophical and cultural paradigms paralyze the advance of knowledge producing a crisis which is only removed when eventually a revolution occurs in the thinking and practice of scientists with the introduction of a new conceptual scheme (Gierer 2000). In sum, the nature if science is determined by historical, cultural and philosophical paradigms and the discoveries of the scientists made during a particular period of time. Accepting these restraints on his freedom, the scientist secures to himself the protection given by the community of others who accept the same canons of science and scientific knowledge. References Gierer, A. (2000). On Modern Science, Human Cognition and Cultural Diversity.   Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin. Retrieved 20 March 2007 www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/Preprints/P137.pdf Freese, J., Li, Jui-Chung Allen, Wade, L.D. (2003). The Potential Relevances of Biology to Social Inquiry. Annual Review of Sociology, 29, pp. 233-235.

Tennessee Williams A Streetcar Named Desire - Ghosts of the Past :: A Streetcar Named Desire Essays

Ghosts of the Past Haunt A Streetcar Named Desire  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Our lives are consumed by the past. The past of what we once did, what we once accomplished, and what we once could call our own. As we look back on these past memories we seldom realize the impact these events have on our present lives. The loss of a past love mars are future relationships, the loss of our family influences the choices we make today, and the loss of our dignity can confuse the life we live in the present. These losses or deaths require healing from which you need to recover. The effects of not healing can cause devastation as apparent in the play A Streetcar Named Desire. The theme of A Streetcar Named Desire is death. We encounter this idea first with the death of Blanche and Stella's relationship as sisters. Blanche and Stella had a life together once in Bel Reve and when Stella decided to move on in her life and leave, Blanche never could forgive her. This apparent in the scene when Blanche first arrives in New Orleans and meets Stella at the bowling alley. Stell a and Blanche sit down for a drink and we immediately see Blanche's animosity towards Stella. Blanche blames Stella for abandoning her at Bel Reve, leaving Blanche to handle the division of the estate after their parents die. As result of Stella's lack of support, we see Blanche become dependent on alcohol and lose her mental state. Blanche comes to be a a terrible reck through out the play as we learn of the details of her life at Bel Reve. Her loss of the entire estate and her struggle to get through an affair with a seventeen year old student. This baggage that Blanche carries on her shoulders nips at Stella through out eventually causing the demise of her relationship. As Blanche's visit goes on with Stella, the nips become too great and with the help of Stanley, Stella has Blanche committed to a mental hospital, thus symbolizing the death of the realtionship they once had. The next death we encounter in the film is the death of Stella and Stanley's marriage. Our first view of S tanley is of an eccentric man, but decent husband who cares deeply for his wife. However, as as Blanche's visit wears on, we come to see the true Stanley, violent and abusive.

Bread Givers Summary

Bread Givers is written by AnziaYezierska. This book demonstrates how a girl prevent to follow her sisters’ steps and choose her own way of living. The narrator of this book is Sara Smolinsky. She is a ten year’s old little girl who always worried for the house as a mother. She is such a sweet and strong minded girl. Sara’s family is extremely poor and if Sara’s sisters don’t find a job, the whole family will be kicked out of the house for not paying rent. Sara has three sisters; Bessie is the oldest, then Mashah and Fania, and none of them has a job.Sara’s mother, Shena, is a traditional housewife who thinks women can only be wife and mom, no women get to learn knowledge and their whole life will rely on a man. Her traditional minds affect her daughters sometimes. Reb, Sara’s father, he studies religion all the time and only care about his bible and beliefs. He does not have a job and does not take the responsibility for his entire fa mily even though he is the only man in the house. The whole family was hanging on Bessie’s neck for her salaries since she is the oldest girl.Everyday all the girls except for Sara needs to go out and try to find a job because the family has no income if there is nobody in the house has a job. Mashah kept buying herself some fancy stuff like soap and towel which is a big waste of money. Later on, the tax collectors came into the house and ask for the rent that the Smolinsky has been arrear for a while. Reb slapped the tax collector for thrown his bible on the floor, and surely Reb got into jail. As the plot going, Bessie fell in love with a guy named Berel Bernstein who is a cutter in the shop where Bessie works.As soon as Reb came back home, he started question Berel about religious belief and Reb embarrassed Berel. Reb didn’t agree with the marriage simply because Bessie earns him the biggest wages. Reb and Berel kept arguing for a while because Reb asked Berel to pa y for the wedding and buy outfit for himself. Finally, Berel found out the only thing Reb cares about is money. Berel rushed to the door and slammed himself out. The next day, Berel talked to Bessie if she wants to marry him without her father’s allowance. Bessie’s answer is no because she couldn’t leave her father, he needs her.Weeks later, Berel announces his engagement with another girl which made Bessie extremely upset. For Mashah, she fell in love with Jacob Novak who is a piano player. Jacob’s family is so rich that his father did not want Mashah to marry his son. Jacob listened to his father and left Mashah. Later on, Jacob felt regret and wanted to date Mashah again but Reb intervened because it happened once and there will be the second time and he pushed Jacob out of the apartment. In chapter five, Reb got a letter from Morris Lipkin saying he wanted to marry Fania.Obviously Reb refused Morris’ quest simply because Morris is poor. Later, Reb brought a guy Moe and introduced Moe to his family in front of Morris but ignored Morris. Morris took offense at it and walked away without return. Few weeks later, Reb brought a cloak dealer named Abe Schmukler and he asked Fania to marry him. Both Mashah and Fania got married that day. It seemed like both of the girls married a rich guy. Reb became well known for his deed that he found two excellent husbands for both of his daughters. However, Mashah and Fania soon discovered both of their husbands are liars.Moe and Abe aren’t rich at all. Later in the book, a fish –peddler named Zalmon married Bessie because he gave promises to give Reb a few hundred dollars to set Reb in business. Till now, all three of Reb’s daughters were married and none of them have a happy marriage. In the very end of chapter 8, Reb got mad at Sara for two cents. A girl didn’t have all twelve cents to buy a pound of rice, instead, she had ten. Sara trusted the little girl tha t she will bring two cents back so Sara sold the rice for ten cents and that made Reb exceedingly angry.Finally Sara couldn’t stand it anymore and she decided to leave home by herself. At first, Sara went to Bessie’s house and willing to live with them. As soon as Sara got there, Bessie told her she is too poor to help Sara. Then Sara went to see Mashah. However, Sara found out Mashah’s life isn’t as well as everybody thought of. Mashah’s house is spotless and Moe treated Mashah very poor. Later on, Sara made a plan which changed her life forever. Sara decided to go to night school with a goal of earning a teacher’s certificate. Then Sara rent a room and found a job as an ironer.Except for sleeping, Sara spent ten hours at work, two hours at school and another two hours to study on her own. Sara is barely eating enough and she is starving. For a few days Sara was hungry, and she burned a shirt due to can’t focus her mind during the da y. She had to pay a couple of dollars to make up her mistake which put her finance into a worse situation. Sara worked hard both at school and at work so that there was no spare time for her to visit home. Later on, Sara met Max who is Fania’s husband Abe’s business partner.Max fell in love with Sara but she would rather stay out of this relationship. However, Sara’s father Reb, suddenly came to Sara’s apartment and checked with her whether she refused to marry Max. Reb tried his best to preach Sara in order to make get married with Max. Again, Sara rejected Reb’s persuasion. In chapter 16, Sara got into a college and soon she figured out college life is way harder than she thought of. Sara had a great desire to learn and she rent a room next to her professor which made her have to pay more for the rent since the room is nicer and bigger than the one she used to rent.The professors’ were all interested in Sara’s story about her life i n Hester Street which is a good thing to Sara, because, as an exchange, the professors taught Sara more knowledge. Time flies by, Sara smoothly graduated from college and she got her certificate as a teacher. Her goal was achieved and she is now on her way to visit home since she had been away from home for over six years. Everything around Sara seemed so lovely and Sara was filled with new hope. However, after Sara returned home, she found her mom; Shenah was desperately ill and refused to go see the doctor.Later on, Shenah dead due to illness and her only wish to Sara was to take good care of her husband, Reb. Sara soon visited Reb, for her mother Shenah willing her to take care of Reb. As soon as Shenah dead, Reb started wearing his nice clothes and married his neighbor Mrs. Feinstein later on. However, Reb soon realized that her new wife only cares about his money and she had been waiting for him to die so that she can take all of his money away. Reb felt sad and willing to leav e her. Later, Sara got to meet Hugo Seelig, the principal.Sara repected him and she soon became friend with Hugo. They begin walk home together every day and their relationship was a step further. A few months passed by, Sara ran into a guy who was selling gum and surprisingly Sara recognized that old man was her father. Sara realized Reb was sick and she began take care of him every day after school. The good thing is, Reb was getting better and better each day. Then, Sara brought Hugo home to her father, and it seemed like they got along well with each other. Hugo said that Reb must come live with them.

Analysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible - 1732 Words

Charles Whatley Dr. Bonnie Ronson English 1102 Sunday, June 14 2432 I. Topic Sentence The conflict that presents itself to the characters Reverend Parris, Reverend Hale, and John Proctor forces them to reflect upon themselves and ultimately change the nature of how the deal with conflict in the world. II. Biographical Arthur Miller was a controversial playwright during the 1950’s and 60’s, note because of the material that he choose to write about, but because of the events that took place surrounding one of his best works: The Crucible. One of his friends and a fellow playwright Elia Kazan was accused of being a Communist by the house Un-American Activities Committee. Elia, who had admitted to being previously a Communist during the 1930’s (long before the cold war) was asked before the committee to testify what he knew of Communists in the United states. Elia was afraid of losing his career to the charge of being a communist and cooperated with the community. Arthur Miller had previously testified to the committee and revealed no information to them, earning him jail time. These were the events that inspired Arthur Miller to visit Salem Massachusetts and research the witch trials. Ultimately this lead him to creating his most well known work: The Crucible. IV. Illustrations Reverend Parris At the beginning of the play Reverend Parris portrays himself as a very upright puritan that is only interested in protecting his flock and keeping the church together.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 961 Words   |  4 Pages Movie paper analysis of The crucible The circumstance brought upon a person can change them greatly. The Crucible edited and rewritten by Arthur Miller, is a movie which takes place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The leading actors are Daniel Day-Lewis as Proctor, Winona Ryder as Abigail, Paul Scofield as Judge Danforth, Joan Allen as Elizabeth, Bruce Davison as Parris, and Rob Campbell as Hale. It was directed by Nicholas Hytner and was Based on the witch hunt which surrounded MassachusettsRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1052 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller was one of the leading American playwrights in the 20th century. Arthur Miller was born on October 17, 1915 in Harlem New York City to Isidore and Augusta Miller (GradeSaver). After graduating from high school, Miller worked a variety of odd jobs including hosting a radio program; this was before the University of Michigan accepted him. At school, he studied journalism, became the night editor of the Michigan Daily, and began experimen ting with theater and writing plays. He lived throughRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1457 Words   |  6 PagesSteven Huang Ms. Folkrod English 3, Period 7 26 October 2014 Proctor’s Pride and Downfall A tragic hero is a hero in a story whose natural flaws or wrong judgments, associates with bad fate, causes his downfall or death. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, there are tragic heroes. In the late 1600s, there are a series of witch trials happens at Salem, MA. John Proctor, a farmer who lives in a farm with his wife Elizabeth Proctor, is the protagonist during the Salem witch trial. John is a candid, frankRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 3926 Words   |  16 PagesA.P. English Language August 11, 2014 Novel Analysis Assignment The Crucible by Arthur Miller Plot and Conflict At its core, The Crucible is a chilling depiction of a community engulfed by hysteria. A fanatically religious community in Salem, Massachusetts becomes embroiled in a witch-hunt initiated by a group of adolescent girls. At the start of the play, Reverend Parris finds his teenage daughter, Betty Parris, â€Å"sick† in bed after she, along with his niece Abigail, his slave Tituba, and a fewRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 883 Words   |  4 PagesName: Lauren Ciesielski Period AP NOVEL FORM 1. Title: The Crucible 2. Author (first and last name) and date of first publication: Arthur Miller and 1953 3. List four main characters with a one-sentence description of each. a. John Proctor – A farmer in Salem that is married to Elizabeth Proctor and is trying to get Elizabeth to forgive him for his sins of lechery on Abigail. b. Abigail Williams- A young lady who tries to throw herself at John Proctor due to their previous affair andRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 908 Words   |  4 PagesDel Giudice Mrs. Schmiedeler English 2F 21 October 2015 Crucible Essay â€Å"It takes many good deeds to build a good reputation, and only one bad one to lose it.† This is a quote by Benjamin Franklin and it explains how the puritan society in The Crucible work. this quote shows how fragile a reputation can be, you can spend your whole life increasing your reputation, but one wrong move and it’s completely wrong. In The Crucible, many of Arthur Miller’s characters are very concerned with their reputationRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1122 Words   |  5 PagesErin Kelleher English II Honors Mrs. Hagerty 14 January 2015 Corruption in The Crucible Good leaders are essential to the functionality and prosperity of a community. They should be honest, genuine, and selfless. Good leaders keep the interests of the people they lead in mind when making all decisions instead of focusing on their own personal goals. It can be quite disastrous when leaders have ulterior motives or bad principles. When leaders are dishonest, deceitful, and selfish, it causes problemsRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Shults A.P. English Language August 11, 2014 Novel Analysis Assignment The Crucible by Arthur Miller Plot and Conflict The Crucible is a play that takes place in the 17 century in Salem, Massachusetts. As the play starts, Reverend Parris caught some girls naked dancing in the woods. Apparently the girls where stirring up spirits and to escape the punishment of the accusations of being witches, they blame other women in Salem. Later on in the play, Elizabeth Proctor finds out about John ProctorRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1842 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss Arthur Miller’s approach to U.S. history in The Crucible. Arthur Miller combines his experiences during the McCarthy reign of the 1950s and the factual events of the Salem witch trials in 1692 to create an elaborated historical tale of the panic caused by witchcraft. Although, the morals behind the events are relevant no matter what the period of time the audience is in. Arthur Miller uses the semantic field of truth throughout the play, ‘The Crucible’, to show his audiences that no matterRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 2138 Words   |  9 Pages Crucible Character Essay - John Proctor #6 In Arthur Miller’s â€Å"The Crucible† the protagonist is a man by the name of John Proctor. Proctor is a very complex character because he doesn t have the cleanest history. He is a man in about his forties who had committed the sin of cheating on his wife with a young girl. This act of his gives a bad first impression to the reader. Proctor however does try to become a better man and do the right thing to save his wife s life, which changes feelings

African-American History Timeline 1900 to 1909

In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal was constitutional through the Plessy v. Ferguson case. Immediately local and state laws were created and in some cases, enhanced to prohibit African-Americans from participating fully in American society. However, almost immediately, African-Americans began working to prove their worth in American society. The timeline below highlights some of the contributions as well as some tribulations faced by African-Americans between 1900 and 1909. 1900 James Weldon Johnson and John Rosamond Johnson write the lyrics and composition for Lift Every Voice and Sing in Jacksonville, Fl. Within two years, the song is considered the African-American national anthem.The New Orleans Race Riot begins on July 23. Lasting four days, 12 African-Americans and seven whites were killed.The National Negro Business League is established by Booker T. Washington. The purpose of the organization is to promote African-American entrepreneurship.Nannie Helen Burroughs establishes the Womens Convention of the National Baptist Convention.An estimated two-thirds of landowners in the Mississippi Delta are African-American farmers. Many had purchased land following the Civil War.Since the end of the Civil War, an estimated 30,000 African-American men and women have been trained as teachers. The work of these educators assists the African-American population throughout the United States learn to read and write. 1901 George H. White, the last African-American elected to Congress, leaves office.Bert Williams and George Walker become the first African-American recording artists. They recorded with Victor Talking Machine Company.Booker T. Washington becomes the first African-American to eat the White House. President Theodore Roosevelt invited Washington to the White House for a meeting. At the end of the meeting, Roosevelt invited Washington to stay for dinner.Washington publishes his autobiography, Up From Slavery. 1903 W.E.B. Du Bois publishes The Souls of Black Folks. The collection of essays explored issues concerning racial equality and denounced Washingtons beliefs.Maggie Lena Walker establishes the St. Lukes Penny Savings Bank in Richmond, Va. 1904 Mary McLeod Bethune establishes Bethune-Cookman College in Daytona Beach, Fl.Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller becomes the nations first African-American psychiatrist. Fuller trained at the Royal Psychiatric Hospital at the University of Munich. 1905 The African-American newspaper, The Chicago Defender is published by Robert Abbott.Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter found the Niagara Movement. The first meeting is held on July 11-13. The organization later morphs into the (NAACP) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.African-American residents of Nashville boycott streetcars to show their disdain for racial segregation. 1906 African-American evangelist William J. Seymour leads the Azusa Street Revival in Los Angeles. This revival is considered the foundation of the Pentecostal Movement.A riot, known as the Brownsville Affray, breaks out between African-American soldiers and local citizens in Brownsville, Texas. A local resident is killed. In the coming months, President Theodore Roosevelt discharges three companies of African-American soldiers.The Atlanta Race Riot breaks out on September 22 and lasts for two days. Ten African-Americans and two whites are killed as a result.Seven African-American male students attending Cornell University establish Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. This will become the first collegial fraternity for African-American men. 1907 Alain Locke becomes the first African-American Rhodes Scholar. Locke will go on to be an architect of the Harlem Renaissance, also known as the New Negro Movement.Edwin Harleston, a security guard, and budding journalist, establishes The Pittsburgh Courier.Madam C.J. Walker, a washerwoman working and living in Denver, develops hair care products. 1908 The first African-American sorority, Alpha Kappa Alpha, is established at Howard University.The Springfield Race Riot begins on August 14 in Springfield, Ill. This race riot is considered the first of its kind in a Northern city in more than 50 years. 1909 In response to the Springfield Riot and a number of other incidents, the NAACP is founded on February 12.African-American Matthew Henson, Admiral Robert E. Peary, and four Eskimos become the first men to reach the North Pole.The New York Amsterdam News is published for the first time.The first national African-American Catholic fraternal order, The Knights of Peter Claver, is established in Alabama.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs - 1967 Words

1Motivations 1.1Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is used to analyze motivation of consumers, which are composed of 5 five stages. From the lowest level to the highest one respectively are physiological, safety, belongingness, ego needs, and self-actualization. (Solomon and Barmossy et al., 2006) It is said that two thirds of visitors of Bicester Village are Chinese. Increased Chinese consumers like to choose Bicester Village as a destination to travel and purchase.(†¦Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬â€š..) No doubt that Chinese shopper have became a strong purchase power in Bicester Village, they have been satisfied with biogenic needs, moreover, an underlay unconscious motivation drive them to do something distant from the others. That†¦show more content†¦From consumers’ perspective, these basic infrastructure and essential service of Bicester Village generate a wonderful environment for consumers. Therefore visitors have a pleasant shopping and visiting experience in Bicester Village. In sum, although maintenance factors could not arouse their motivation growth ï ¼Å'but still have a significant influence on consumer behavior. 1.2 Dimensions of motives Bythe(2013)divided six motives of consumer into six sorts, which respectively are primary motives, rational motives, conscious motives ,dormant motives, emotional motives and secondary motives. â€Å"Motives can be classified across three dimensions, with the rational/conscious/primary ends relating to each other, as do the dormant/emotional/secondary ends.† From consumer’s perspective, the motivation of their purchasing high-end products is complicated. According to the report of Mintel (Academic.mintel.com, 2013), which showed that the reason why a large number of customs have purchased luxury merchandise in UK. There were 44 percent of female interviewees and 48 percent of male interviewees bought high-end goods due to the good quality. In addition, 31 percent of men and 18 percent of women consider the sophisticated techniqueShow MoreRelatedMaslows Hierarchy of Needs866 Words   |  4 PagesINFORMATION SYSTEMS CLASS EXERCISE DUE DATE: 17/2/2015 STUDENT ID: 140079 ------------------------------------------------- NAME: COSMAS KANCHEPA QUESTIONS 1. Define and Explain Scheins classification of Motivational Assumptions. 2. What are Maslows hierarchy of needs and why is it important in the study of motivation. 3. What are the characteristics of Theory X and Theory Y people? ANSWERS Question1 I. The rational-economic model is the mental picture held by managers who consider workers to be primarilyRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Needs1081 Words   |  5 Pagesrewards or unconscious desires (McLeod, Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs). Abraham Maslow, one of the leading psychologists in humanistic psychology, conceived the idea of the hierarchy of needs that revealed what motivates people to do the things that they do. Similarly, Carl Rodgers later added that for a person to grow, they need an environment that provides them with genuineness, acceptance, and empathy (McLeod, Carl Rogers). In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs one cannot get to the top without first startingRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Need Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesMaslows Hierarchy of Need INTRODUCTION Many managers are puzzled by the question why some workers doing easy job remain dissatisfied, while others engaged in performance of complicated tasks are completely satisfied? What should be done for the people to work better? What stimulates their desire to work? Only knowing what are the main factors stimulating a man to act, what kind of motives lay as a basis of a man’s activities, one can try to develop an efficient system for work motivationRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesmotivations that was based upon a hierarchy of needs. Basic physiological drives like thirst, hunger and sleep, as well as the need for safety, shelter and some feeling of security are the motivational needs that must first be met. They provide the foundation for higher level of motivations to become present and available as needs the indvidual is aroused to attain. Each higher order of motivational need is built upon a more basic need. After physiological and safety needs are met then the individualRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Hierarchy of needs theory is a formation of the needs of an individual person. Basically this hierarchy are based on five level which is classified into Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love/Belonging needs, Esteem needs and Self-actualization needs. It can be illustrated with a diagram 1.0 The Diagram of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. This is diagram are has been developed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper of A Theory of Human Motivation which he subsequently extended to include his observationRead MoreImportance of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs1069 Words   |  5 Pagesexplored all these themes in group projects. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs can be a valuable aid when dealing with the process of education. Achieving each of the levels of Maslow’s needs- physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization- at different times in the educational process makes it difficult to instruct a group of students, each in their own place along Maslow’s pyramid. According to his theory, needs that are in the lower hierarchy must be at least partially met before a personRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory1595 Words   |  7 PagesContents INTRODUCTION 2 MOTIVATION 3 MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS THEORY 4 INFORMATION OF THE COMPANY 5 APPLE COMPUTERS,INC 5 INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY’S MANAGER 6 STEVE JOBS 6 STEVE JOBS LEADERSHIP STYLES AND MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES 7 CONCLUSION 9 REFERENCES 10 â€Æ' INTRODUCTION In this section ,we will discuss about the topics motivation, motivation theory.Motivation is defined as the interaction between person and the situation.For attaining goalRead MoreThe Pyramid of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs1113 Words   |  5 Pageslevels of needs, back in 1943. These 5 levels form a pyramid that is referred to as Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. An Individual starts at the bottom of the pyramid, at physical needs, and then promotes him or herself up. Physical needs are the most basic yet vital needs for survival. These include things such as, food, water, shelter, etc. If a person is successful in accomplishing those needs, they can move up onto the next level of needs, known as safety needs. Examples of safety needs include healthRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Needs Theory1805 Words   |  8 PagesMaslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory in Organizational Diversity Psychologist Abraham Maslow established a theory of motivation to justify how people in diverse organizations behave. His human requirements theory states that humans are never completely satisfied; that they crave satisfaction and those requirements can be classified into a hierarchy based upon importance. The lowest level of importance includes peoples’ desire to satisfy their physical needs, such as hunger and thirst. Following theRead MoreThe Need to Belong: Rediscovering Maslows Hierarchy of Needs.6034 Words   |  25 PagesThe Need to Belong: Rediscovering Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. by: Norman Kunc Axis Consultation and Training Ltd Originally published in: Villa, R., Thousand, J., Stainback, W. Stainback, S. Restructuring for Caring Effective Education. Baltimore: Paul Brookes, 1992.  © Copyright 1992 Paul H. Brookes Publishers. Newtonian principles of physics were regarded as true until Einstein demonstrated that they provided an inadequate explanation of the laws of nature. Similarly, Freudian analysts viewed

Contemporary Business Approaches-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about these factors and how they influence the contemporary business approaches. Answer: Introduction The current business scenario is majorly get determined by the concept of globalization and technological development. This is due to the reason that technology is the inevitable part for the contemporary management and along with the initiation of the globalization, it is important for the management to consider more diverse factors in managing the organizations (Hickson Pugh, 2014). However, it is also important to identify the major impact of globalization and technological development on the contemporary management and the impact of these factors on the managerial approach. This essay will discuss about these factors and how they influence the contemporary business approaches. Impact of globalization on management One of the major impacts of globalization on the management is determination of more diverse external factors. This is due to the reason that initiation of the globalization caused emergence of more competition in the market. Thus, in the contemporary business organizations, it is important for the management to effectively determine the changing trend of competition. Globalization is forcing the contemporary management to determine the competition from the perspective of the global scenario rather than the local scenario around the organization (Greer Hauptmeier, 2016). Another impact of globalization in the contemporary management is the requirement to manage diverse workforce. Contemporary business organizations are having diverse workforce in place and this caused due to the concept of globalization. Thus, management has to consider different factors of different cultural and social groups in managing the employees. Globalization is also helping the management to have business a nd market opportunities. In the current scenario, management is having more opportunities to enhance their business (Wu Chen, 2014). They are having the opportunity to enter in any foreign countries and enhance their operation. This option was not available in the earlier time before the initiation of the concept of globalization. Impact of technological progress on management Rapid development and progress in technology are also changing the approach of the management. This is due to the fact that in the current time, employees are being managed through online medium. They are connected through different mediums with the upper level management through online portals (Hollen, Van Den Bosch Volberda, 2013). Thus, technological development helped in having effective communication in the organizational management. Another major impact of technological development on management is easier way to stay connected with the outer world. In the current business scenario, managers are having different technological options including telecommunication technology to stay connected with the outer world (Hajir et al., 2015). Moreover it also helps the upper level management to determine the business forecasting and trend more effectively with the help of the latest and modern technologies. In the current time, they can able to determine the potentiality of the business b y having the knowledge about the industry trend. Management is also being able to change in the market trend and employee management trend through the help of technological development. Thus, it is becoming easy for the management in the contemporary business organizations to initiate strategies effectively and in accordance to the factors identified Impact of globalization on the managerial roles Prior to the initiation of the concept of globalization, manager initiates managerial roles including planning, organizing, leading and control on the basis of local and national environment. However, with the initiation of the concept of the globalization, managers have to initiate the managerial roles by considering global contexts. They have to consider more diverse factors in initiating managerial roles. Another major impact of globalization on the managerial approach is the initiation of newer theories and leadership (Osland, 2013). This is due to the reason that in the earlier time, managers were only having employees from the particular social group or country. However, with the initiation of the globalization, managers are having employees from different countries, regions and social groups. All the employees from different backgrounds are working under one roof and in same organizations. Thus, the managers are facing the issue of considering different requirements and expect ations of the diverse employees in initiating their managerial roles. Impact of change in technology on the managerial roles One of the major impacts on the managerial roles from the change and development in technology is the enhancement of connectivity between the organizational stakeholders. In the current time, managers are more connective with the employees through different technological mediums. Thus, it is easier for the managers to determine the issues and challenges of the employees effectively and in accordance to that, managers can initiate their leading and other managerial roles (Jansen, Brinkkemper Finkelstein, 2013). Thus, with change and development in technology, managers are more equipped to deal with the employees issues and they are more equipped enough to manage the employee grievances at the primary stage. However, there is one major negative impact also faced by the managers from the changing technology. This challenge is to cope up with the frequent change in technology. In the current time, technology is more frequently changing and it is becoming difficult for the managers to get accustomed. This is due to the reason that it takes time for both the managers and the employees to get comfortable and accustomed with a particular technology. Thus, more frequent change in the technology will provide less time for both the managers and the employees to get comfortable with the particular technology (Kim Feamster, 2013). It is causing issues for the managers in maintaining a universal approach of leading, planning, organizing and controlling. For instance, in the contemporary business scenario, managerial roles tend to change more frequently than ever due to the frequent change in the technology. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that both globalization and changing technology are having positive and negative implications on the management and the managerial roles. However, it is also concluded that both these factors are inevitable in nature and they cannot be avoided in the current business scenario. In this essay, the change in the approach of the managerial roles due to the change in globalization and changing technology is also discussed and both positive and negative implications are being identified. References Greer, I., Hauptmeier, M. (2016). Management whipsawing: The staging of labor competition under globalization.ILR Review,69(1), 29-52. Hajir, J., Obeidat, B. Y., Al-dalahmeh, M. A., Masadeh, R. (2015). 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